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dc.contributor.authorStadelmann, Katrin
dc.contributor.authorStensrud, Trine
dc.contributor.authorCarlsen, Kai-Håkon
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-31T11:09:34Z
dc.date.available2012-08-31T11:09:34Z
dc.date.issued2011-03
dc.identifierSeksjon for idrettsmedisinske fag / Department of Sports Medicine
dc.identifier.citationMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2011, 43(3), 375-381no_NO
dc.identifier.issn0195-9131
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/170916
dc.descriptionI Brage finner du siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på www.ovid.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f1c0b1 / In Brage you'll find the final text version of the article, and it may contain insignificant differences from the journal's pdf version. The original publication is available at www.ovid.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f1c0b1no_NO
dc.description.abstractPurpose: A high prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and respiratory symptoms has been reported among competitive swimmers. From the 2002 Winter Olympics, BHR measurements or bronchodilator reversibility have been required for approved use of [beta]2-agonists in sports. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship among respiratory symptoms in young elite swimmers, eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH), and the inhaled dose of methacholine, causing a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; PD20 methacholine). The second aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of the EVH test. Methods: For this study, 15 male and 9 female adolescent elite swimmers, aged 15 to 25 yr, performed one PD20 methacholine test and two EVH tests in a randomized order. Dry air containing 5% CO2 was inhaled for 6 min with a target ventilation of >=85% of maximum voluntary ventilation (minimum = 65%). PD20 methacholine <=2 µmol and EVH with FEV1 reduction >=10% were considered positive. Respiratory symptoms and medication were reported in the modified AQUA2008 questionnaire. Results: Twenty swimmers (83%) reported respiratory symptoms, 13 (65%) of them had a positive provocation test. Fourteen (58%) had at least one positive test to either EVH or PD20 methacholine; three had only one positive EVH test. One athlete had BHR without symptoms. The sensitivity of PD20 methacholine <=2 µmol for respiratory symptoms was 50% versus 60% and 47.37% for the two EVH tests, respectively, and 75% for PD20 methacholine <=4 µmol. The Bland-Altman plot of the two EVH tests showed a consistent distribution, with only one subject outside the limits of agreement. Conclusions: BHR was frequently found among adolescent competitive swimmers. PD20 methacholine <=2 µmol and EVH >= 10% compared well, but PD20 methacholine <=4 µmol had the highest sensitivity for respiratory symptoms. The EVH test has high repeatability but is very expensive and uncomfortable to perform.no_NO
dc.language.isoengno_NO
dc.publisherThe American College of Sports Medicineno_NO
dc.subjectasthmano_NO
dc.subjectbronchial hyerresponsivenessno_NO
dc.subjectmethacholineno_NO
dc.subjecteucapnic voluntary hyperventilationno_NO
dc.subjectelite athletesno_NO
dc.titleRespiratory symptoms and bronchial responsiveness in competitive swimmersno_NO
dc.typeJournal articleno_NO
dc.typePeer reviewedno_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Social science: 200::Social science in sports: 330::Other subjects within physical education: 339no_NO
dc.source.pagenumber375-381no_NO
dc.source.volume43no_NO
dc.source.journalMedicine & Science in Sports & Exerciseno_NO
dc.source.issue3no_NO


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