Ethnic differences in pelvic floor muscle strength and endurance in South African women

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis: Limited knowledge exists about pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function in ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to compare PFM strength and endurance in a group of black, white and mixed-race women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and endurance were measured with a perineometer and vaginal balloon sensor. Two sets of three MVC of the PFM were recorded; resting phase was 5 min. Demographic variables and factors associated with PFM strength were assessed. Results: A total of 122 nulliparous black (n = 44), white (n = 44) and mixed-race (n = 34) students participated. PFM of black women were stronger than that of white (p = 0.02) or mixed-race (p < 0.01) women. The MVC of PFM in black women decreased (p = 0.02) between the first and second set of contractions. Conclusions: Ethnic differences were found. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm an association between PFM function and pelvic floor disorders.