Browsing Brage NIH by Author "Loland, Sigmund"
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A well balanced life based on ‘the joy of effort’: Olympic hype or a meaningful ideal?
Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-05-10)A key goal in the Olympic value system of Olympism is the all-round cultivation of the individual. According to its so-called ‘fundamental principles’, Olympism is a ‘philosophy of life’ with ideals of ‘exalting and combining ... -
Against genetic tests for athletic talent: the primacy of the phenotype
Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-09)New insights into the genetics of sport performance lead to new areas of application. One area is the use of genetic tests to identify athletic talent. Athletic performances involve a high number of complex phenotypical ... -
Anabolic–androgenic steroid use and correlates in Norwegian adolescents
Sandvik, Morten Renslo; Bakken, Anders; Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)This paper surveys the prevalence and correlates of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) use among Norwegian adolescents, and examines the degree to which sports participation is a mediating or moderating factor to well-known ... -
Attitudes towards use of performance-enhancing substances and body modification techniques : a comparison between elite athletes and the general population
Breivik, Gunnar; Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2009-08)Medical and technological developments open up new possibilities for modifying the body and enhancing performance in various areas of life. This study compares attitudes among Norwegian elite athletes (n ¼ 234) with ... -
Biomedisinsk teknologi i idrett: hvor går grensene?
Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2010-06)I denne artikkelen drøfter jeg bruk av biomedisinsk teknologi i prestasjonsfremmende hensikt i konkurranseidrett. Mer presist utforsker jeg mulighetene for å skille mellom etisk akseptabel og etisk uakseptabel bruk. Jeg ... -
Caster Semenya, athlete classification, and fair equality of opportunity in sport
Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)According to the Differences of Sex Development (DSD) Regulations of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), Caster Semenya and other athletes with heightened testosterone levels are considered ... -
Classification in sport: A question of fairness
Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)Competitor classification schemes have been a part of sport since its origins. Eligibility criteria have developed towards inclusion and increasing diversity. The pool of competitors has expanded from the ancient Olympic ... -
‘Clean athlete status’ cannot be certified: Calling for caution, evidence and transparency in ‘alternative’ anti-doping systems
Petróczi, Andrea; Backhouse, Susan H.; Boardley, Ian D.; Saugy, Martial; Pitsiladis, Yannis; Viret, Marjolaine; Ioannidis, Gregory; Ohl, Fabien; Loland, Sigmund; McNamee, Mike (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Athletes, sponsors and sport organisations all have a vested interest in upholding the values of clean sport. Despite the considerable and concerted efforts of the global anti-doping system over two decades, the present ... -
Code red for elite sport: A critique of sustainability in elite sport and a tentative reform programme
Gammelsæter, Hallgeir; Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)Research question: Is elite sport compatible with environmental sustainability? This paper critically investigates elite sports’ possible future in a world where cutbacks in resource use, pollution, and greenhouse gas ... -
Elite athletes' duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti-doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime?
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-01)In this article, we explain and reflect critically upon the athlete whereabouts reporting system in top-level sports initiated by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). This system makes it compulsory for athletes who are ... -
The ethics of performance-enhancing technology in sport
Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2009-10)Debates on sport technologies tend to engage. Sometimes they have a unifying effect. As is evident from the 1999 establishment of the World Antidoping Agency (WADA), there is a relatively strong consensus that the use of ... -
Ethics of technologically constructed hypoxic environments in sport
Loland, Sigmund; Caplan, Arthur (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2008-07-08)With the use of technologically constructed hypoxic environments (TCHE) in soccer as our case, we propose four check points from which to evaluate new performance-enhancing technologies in sport. These are (I) Is the ... -
Geolocalisation of athletes for out-of-competition drug testing: Ethical considerations. Position statement by the WADA Ethics Panel
Borry, Pascal; Caulfield, Timothy; Estivill, Xavier; Loland, Sigmund; McNamee, Michael; Knoppers, Bartha Maria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Through the widespread availability of location-identifying devices, geolocalisation could potentially be used to place athletes during out-of-competition testing. In light of this debate, the WADA Ethics Panel formulated ... -
Harmonization of anti-doping work: myth or reality?
Hanstad, Dag Vidar; Skille, Eivind Å.; Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2010-03-11)In order to examine the implementation of the World Anti Doping Agency's (WADA) policy of global harmonization of anti-doping work, a survey was conducted among the members of the Association of National Anti-Doping ... -
Integrating Transwomen and Female Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) into Elite Competition: The FIMS 2021 Consensus Statement
Hamilton, Blair R.; Lima, Giscard Humberto Oliveira; Barrett, James; Seal, Leighton; Kolliari-Turner, Alexander; Wang, Guan; Karanikolou, Antonia; Bigard, Xavier; Löllgen, Herbert; Zupet, Petra; Ionescu, Anca; Debruyne, Andre; Jones, Nigel; Vonbank, Karin; Fagnani, Federica; Fossati, Chiara; Casasco, Maurizio; Constantinou, Demitri; Wolfarth, Bernd; Niederseer, David; Bosch, Andrew; Muniz-Pardos, Borja; Casajus, José Antonio; Schneider, Christian; Loland, Sigmund; Verroken, Michele; Marqueta, Pedro Manonelles; Arroyo, Francisco; Pedrinelli, André; Natsis, Konstantinos; Verhagen, Evert; Roberts, William O.; Lazzoli, José Kawazoe; Friedman, Rogerio; Erdogan, Ali; Cintron, Ana V.; Yung, Shu-Hang Patrick; van Rensburg, Dina C. Janse; Ramagole, Dimakatso A.; Rozenstoka, Sandra; Drummond, Felix; Papadopoulou, Theodora; Kumi, Paulette Y.O.; Twycross-Lewis, Richard; Harper, Joanna; Skiadas, Vasileios; Shurlock, Jonathan; Tanisawa, Kumpei; Seto, Jane; North, Kathryn; Angadi, Siddhartha S.; Martinez-Patiño, Maria Jose; Börjesson, Mats; Di Luigi, Luigi; Dohi, Michiko; Swart, Jeroen; Bilzon, James Lee John; Badtieva, Victoriya; Zelenkova, Irina; Steinacker, Jurgen; Bachl, Norbert; Pigozzi, Fabio; Geistlinger, Michael; Goulis, Dimitrios G.; Guppy, Fergus; Webborn, Nick; Yildiz, Bulent O; Miller, Mike; Singleton, Patrick; Pitsiladis, Yannis P. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)Sport is historically designated by the binary categorization of male and female that conflicts with modern society. Sport’s governing bodies should consider reviewing rules determining the eligibility of athletes in the ... -
Into the glidescape: An outline of gliding sports from the perspective of applied phenomenology
Loland, Sigmund; Bäckström, Åsa (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)There is an absence in the literature on sports of a conceptualization of what in French are labeled sports de glisse: sports that imply gliding on water, through air, and on snow and ice, such as surfing, paragliding, ... -
Justifying anti-doping: The fair opportunity principle and the biology of performance enhancement
Loland, Sigmund; Hoppeler, Hans (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2011-10-28)Doping is a complex moral and scientific dilemma and its prevention has led to a costly but less than perfect control system implemented worldwide by the World Anti-doping Agency (WADA). For a substance or method to be ... -
Morgan, the ‘Gratuitous’ Logic of Sport, and the Art of Self-Imposed Constraints
Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)Sport occupies a significant role in modern society and has a wide following. In his Leftist Theories of Sport (LTS), Morgan examines what he considers to be a degradation of modern sport and the lack of proper critical ... -
Performance-Enhancing Drugs, Sport, and the Ideal of Natural Athletic Performance
Loland, Sigmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)The use of certain performance-enhancing drugs (PED) is banned in sport. I discuss critically standard justifications of the ban based on arguments from two widely used criteria: fairness and harms to health. I argue that ... -
Personality and willingness towards performance enhancement and body modification: A cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Norwegians
Breivik, Gunnar; Sagoe, Dominic; Loland, Sigmund (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)We conducted an exploratory investigation of the relationship between personality and willingness towards performance enhancement and body modification in Norway. The study is based on Norwegian Monitor data from a ...