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dc.contributor.authorBreivik, Gunnar
dc.contributor.authorHanstad, Dag Vidar
dc.contributor.authorLoland, Sigmund
dc.date.accessioned2010-08-16T11:37:09Z
dc.date.available2010-08-16T11:37:09Z
dc.date.issued2009-08
dc.identifierSeksjon for kultur og samfunn / Department of Cultural and Social Studies
dc.identifier.citationSport in Society. 2009, 12(6), 737-754en_US
dc.identifier.issn1743-0437
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/170627
dc.descriptionI Brage finner du siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på www.informaworld.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430430902944183 / In Brage you'll find the final text version of the article, and it may contain insignificant differences from the journal's pdf version. The definite version is available at www.informaworld.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430430902944183en_US
dc.description.abstractMedical and technological developments open up new possibilities for modifying the body and enhancing performance in various areas of life. This study compares attitudes among Norwegian elite athletes (n ¼ 234) with attitudes in the general population (n ¼ 428). Whereas vitamins, nutritional supplements and hypoxic rooms were accepted by more than 65% of both athletes and population the rejection of EPO, anabolic steroids and amphetamines were similarly clear in both groups. The athletes were in general more reluctant to use performance enhancement means and body modification techniques than the general population. A significantly higher percentage of the population than the athletes accepted a) means to avoid memory failure in old age (61.6 versus 43.2, sig. 0.000), b) means to avoid decrease in physical fitness among old people (48.6 versus 34.7, sig. 0.005), c) liposuction (30.1 versus 12.4, sig. 0.000), d) surgery for obesity (15.3 versus 9.4, sig. 0.035), e) silicon implants (9.9 versus 5.1, sig. 0.001). The athletes were significantly more satisfied with their bodies than the population (sig. 0.000). Males were more positive about the use of performance enhancement means, whereas females were more positive about body modification techniques. Males were significantly more positive about the use of a) means that increase strength and endurance (sig. 0.002, and b) means that increase sexual performance (sig 0.000). Females were significantly more positive than males about the use of liposuction (sig. 0.000), plastic surgery on the face (sig. 0.013), surgery to combat obesity (sig. 0.000) and silicon implants (sig. 0.000).en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherTaylor & Francisen_US
dc.subjectdopingen_US
dc.subjectperformance-enhancing drugsen_US
dc.subjectplastic surgeryen_US
dc.subjectartificial implantsen_US
dc.subjectanabolic steroidsen_US
dc.subjectamphetaminesen_US
dc.subjectliposuctionen_US
dc.subjectathletesen_US
dc.titleAttitudes towards use of performance-enhancing substances and body modification techniques : a comparison between elite athletes and the general populationen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Social science: 200::Social science in sports: 330::Other subjects within physical education: 339en_US
dc.source.pagenumber737-754en_US


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