The LEAF questionnaire: a screening tool for the identification of female athletes at risk for the female athlete triad
Melin, Anna; Tornberg, Åsa B.; Skouby, Sven; Faber, Jens; Ritz, Christian; Sjödin, Anders; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn
Journal article, Peer reviewed
Permanent lenke
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/282102Utgivelsesdato
2014-02-21Metadata
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Originalversjon
British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2014, 48, 540-545Sammendrag
BACKGROUND: Low energy availability (EA) in female athletes with or without an
eating disorder (ED) increases the risk of oligomenorrhoea/functional
hypothalamic amenorrhoea and impaired bone health, a syndrome called the female
athlete triad (Triad). There are validated psychometric instruments developed to
detect disordered eating behaviour (DE), but no validated screening tool to
detect persistent low EA and Triad conditions, with or without DE/ED, is
available. AIM: The aim of this observational study was to develop and test a
screening tool designed to identify female athletes at risk for the Triad.
METHODS: Female athletes (n=84) with 18-39 years of age and training >/=5
times/week filled out the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire
(LEAF-Q), which comprised questions regarding injuries and gastrointestinal and
reproductive function. Reliability and internal consistency were evaluated in a
subsample of female dancers and endurance athletes (n=37). Discriminant as well
as concurrent validity was evaluated by testing self-reported data against
measured current EA, menstrual function and bone health in endurance athletes
from sports such as long distance running and triathlon (n=45). RESULTS: The
25-item LEAF-Q produced an acceptable sensitivity (78%) and specificity (90%) in
order to correctly classify current EA and/or reproductive function and/or bone
health. CONCLUSIONS: The LEAF-Q is brief and easy to administer, and relevant as
a complement to existing validated DE screening instruments, when screening
female athletes at risk for the Triad, in order to enable early detection and
intervention.
Beskrivelse
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