How do we assess energy availability and RED-S risk factors in para athletes?
dc.contributor.author | Jonvik, Kristin Lundanes | |
dc.contributor.author | Vardardottir, Birna | |
dc.contributor.author | Broad, Elizabeth | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-09-01T12:27:04Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-09-01T12:27:04Z | |
dc.date.created | 2022-05-23T13:46:54Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Nutrients. 2022, 14(5), Artikkel 1068. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 2072-6643 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3015169 | |
dc.description | This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Low energy availability (LEA) is considered to be the underlying cause of a number of maladaptations in athletes, including impaired physiological function, low bone mineral density (BMD), and hormonal dysfunction. This is collectively referred to as ‘Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport’ (RED-S). LEA is calculated through assessment of dietary energy intake (EI), exercise energy expenditure (EEE) and fat-free mass (FFM). The incidence of LEA in Paralympic athletes is relatively unknown; however, there are legitimate concerns that Para athletes may be at even higher risk of LEA than able-bodied athletes. Unfortunately, there are numerous issues with the application of LEA assessment tools and the criterion for diagnosis within the context of a Para population. The calculation of EEE, in particular, is limited by a distinct lack of published data that cover a range of impairments and activities. In addition, for several RED-S-related factors, it is difficult to distinguish whether they are truly related to LEA or a consequence of the athlete’s impairment and medical history. This narrative review outlines deficits and complexities when assessing RED-S and LEA in Para athletes, presents the information that we do have, and provides suggestions for future progress in this important area of sports nutrition. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
dc.subject | assessment | en_US |
dc.subject | bone health | en_US |
dc.subject | hormones | en_US |
dc.subject | low energy availability | en_US |
dc.subject | resting metabolic rate | en_US |
dc.title | How do we assess energy availability and RED-S risk factors in para athletes? | en_US |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | en_US |
dc.type | Journal article | en_US |
dc.description.version | publishedVersion | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | © 2022 by the authors | en_US |
dc.source.pagenumber | 10 | en_US |
dc.source.volume | 14 | en_US |
dc.source.journal | Nutrients | en_US |
dc.source.issue | 5 | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/nu14051068 | |
dc.identifier.cristin | 2026559 | |
dc.description.localcode | Institutt for fysisk prestasjonsevne / Department of Physical Performance | en_US |
dc.source.articlenumber | 1068 | en_US |
cristin.ispublished | true | |
cristin.fulltext | original | |
cristin.qualitycode | 1 |
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