Instrument-based anterolateral rotatory laxity assessment of the knee has a high intra-observer and inter-observer reliability: A systematic review

Abstract

Importance: A reliable evaluation of anterolateral rotatory instability in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knee is important to help surgeons determine which patients might need concurrent anterolateral augmentation procedures.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review studies that assess the intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of instruments used to measure anterolateral rotatory laxity of the knee.

Evidence review: A comprehensive literature review was conducted according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for original, English-language studies evaluating the reliability of objective or instrument-based anterolateral rotatory laxity of the knee until October 31, 2022. Reliability data were extracted from text, tables, and figures.

Findings: Twelve studies, with patients between the ages of 14–63 years, were included. The instruments used to measure anterolateral rotatory knee laxity included inertial sensors (n ​= ​9), magnetic resonance imaging (n ​= ​1), and navigation systems (n ​= ​2). The global intra-observer intraclass correlation coefficient for these devices was between 0.63 and 0.97, and the global inter-observer reliability was between 0.63 and 0.99.

Conclusion and relevance: Instrument-based anterolateral rotatory knee laxity assessment has moderate to good intra- and inter-observer reliability. Evaluating anterolateral instability in ACL-deficient knees with these devices could help in decision-making when considering anterolateral augmentation.

Level of Evidence: IV.