Parental intervention program for preschool children with rare diseases: A mixed methods evaluation of parents’ experiences and utility

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was twofold: (i) To assess the parents’ experiences and perception of participating in a “Parental Intervention Program for Preschool children with Rare Diseases” (PIPP-RDs). (ii) To evaluate which elements of the PIPP-RDs that the parents emphasized as important for improving their health literacy related to facilitating the transition of their children from kindergarten to school.

Method: A mixed methods evaluation study was conducted ten and eleven months post-intervention, integrating an online quantitative survey combined with individual semi-structured interviews. Twenty-two parents participated in individual interviews, of these 18 also responded to the online questionnaire survey.

Results: All parents that participated in this study reported that the information conveyed at the program was of great value and utility, 88% reported significantly alleviated stress associated to their child`s school-start, 84% indicated had improved the school-home collaboration and 84% reported that it had encouraged them to establish contact with the school prior to school commencement. From the qualitative data five main themes emerged: (i) Competence and Knowledge Acquisition, (ii) Becoming more Prepared and Relaxed, (iii) Achieved Realistic Expectations, (iv) Enhanced Communication Skills, (v) Increased Health Literacy and Self-Efficacy. The evaluative findings suggest that this invention program has notably improved the parents’ aptitude for school interaction, enhanced the adaptions according to children`s needs for accommodations, and has provided reassurance in the school-home collaboration. Parents also described increased self-confidence and self-efficacy in managing the school start for children with RDs.

Conclusion: The highly positive response of participating in PIPP-RDs may not only reflect the merits of the program`s content, but also underscore the significant needs for such support during the transition to school for parents of children with RDs. Comparable initiatives, oriented towards enhancing the health literacy and empowering the parents, are anticipated to yield similarly favourable results. We argue that intervention program amalgamate pertinent information, group discourse, and workshops on school-related issues, alongside opportunities for parents to meet other parents in similar situations.